Adverb
and adverbial
Last week we have learnt about procedure text. And language
features of procedure text are commad verbs, conjunction and adverb/adverbial.
Today we are going to learn about the definition and the
function of adverb and adverbial
Adverb is one of the eight parts of speech used to describe or explain verbs
adjectives , or other adverbs.
Contoh
Fungsi Adverb
|
mendeskripsikan
verb |
I completely agree with you. |
|
mendeskripsikan
adjective |
The
room was good enough for me. |
|
mendeskripsikan
adverb lain |
She
speaks really fast. |
An
adverbial phrase is a group of words consisting of
adverbs with qualifiers (such as: very, so, and enough) or groups of words such
as : prepositional
phrases or infinitive phrases that function like adverbs.
|
Adverbial Phrase |
Contoh |
|
adverb
+ qualifier |
very
fast, so quickly |
|
prepositional
phrase |
before
lunch, during the war |
|
infinitive
phrase |
to
pass the exam, to gain weight |
Contoh
Perbandingan Adverb dan Adverbial
|
adverb |
The
waiter smiles politely. |
|
adverbial
phrase |
The
waiter smiles in a friendly way. |
Macam-Macam Adverb
Adverb merupakan satu dari
delapan part of speech ini dapat dibedakan
menjadi beberapa macam, antara lain: adverb of time , adverb of manner , adverb of degree , adverb of frequency (frekuensi), adverb of place.
1.
Adverb of Time (Waktu)
Adverb of time is an adverb to express
the time when an activity or event occurs.
(Adverb of time adalah kata
keterangan untuk menyatakan waktu terjadinya suatu kegiatan
atau peristiwa.)
Contoh
Adverb(ial) of Time
|
·
two days ago (dua hari lalu), ·
already (sudah) ·
before dawn (sebelum fajar) ·
early (awal;
sebelum waktunya) ·
finally (akhirnya; setelah waktu yang lama) ·
last year (tahun lalu) ·
later (nanti) ·
next week (minggu depan) ·
now (sekarang) ·
since yesterday (sejak kemarin) ·
then (pada
saat itu (di masa lalu atau masa depan)) ·
today (hari
ini, pada saat ini) ·
tomorrow (besok) ·
yesterday (kemarin) |
Contoh
Kalimat Adverb(ial) of Time
|
1 |
It’s
hard to wake up early if you
sleep late. |
|
2 |
I
haven’t seen him since yesterday. |
2.
Adverb of Manner (Cara)
Adverb
of manner is an adverb to state the way an activity is carried out
or an event occurs
(Adverb of manner adalah kata
keterangan untuk menyatakan cara suatu kegiatan dilakukan atau peristiwa
terjadi.)
Contoh
Adverb(ial) of Manner
|
·
automatically (secara otomatis) ·
carefully (secara hati-hati) ·
clearly (dengan jelas) ·
correctly (dengan benar) ·
fast (dengan
cepat) ·
fluently (dengan lancar) ·
hard (dengan
keras) ·
quickly (dengan cepat) ·
slowly (dengan
lambat) ·
successfully (dengan sukses) ·
suddenly (secara tiba-tiba) ·
well (dengan
baik) ·
in a friendly way (dengan cara yang bersahabat) ·
like a child (seperti anak-anak) |
Contoh
Kalimat Adverb(ial) of Manner
|
1 |
I
asked him to explain the situation a little more clearly. |
|
2 |
My
goal is to speak English fluently. |
3.
Adverb of Degree (Derajat)
Adverb of degree to express to what extent
(level or degree) an activity or event.
(Adverb of degree untuk menyatakan sampai seberapa jauh (tingkatan
atau derajat) suatu kegiatan atau peristiwa.)
Contoh
Adverb of Degree
|
Completely, enough, entirely,
extremely, hardly, positively, rather, really, so Somewhat, strongly, too, totally,
very |
Contoh
Kalimat Adverb of Manner
|
1 |
Anita really enjoys cooking. |
|
2 |
You
work too hard. |
4.
Adverb of Frequency (Frekuensi)
Adverbs
of frequency are adverbs that state how often an activity is carried
out or an event occurs
(Adverb of frequency merupakan kata
keterangan yang menyatakan seberapa sering suatu kegiatan dilakukan atau
peristiwa terjadi.)
Contoh
Adverb(ial) of Frequency
|
always,
usually, normally,
often, sometimes, occasionally,
seldom rarely,
hardly ever,
never, monthly, weekly,
daily, hourly , every
second once
every month ,
three times |
Contoh
Kalimat Adverb(ial) of Frekuensi
|
1 |
She often wears flat shoes. |
|
2 |
I
visit my grandfather once every month. |
5.
Adverb of Place (Tempat)
Adverb
of place is an adverb to discuss where an activity is carried out
or an event occurs (location), the direction in which someone or something
moves (direction), how far someone or something is (distance), or a combination
of them.
(Adverb of place adalah kata
keterangan untuk membicarakan di mana suatu kegiatan dilakukan atau peristiwa
terjadi (location), arah ke mana seseorang atau sesuatu berpindah (direction),
seberapa jauh seseorang atau sesuatu (distance), atau kombinasi diantaranya.)
Contoh Adverb(ial) of Place
|
·
above (di
tempat/posisi yang lebih tinggi) ·
abroad (di/ke
luar negeri) ·
across (dari
satu sisi ke sisi yang lain) ·
anywhere (di/ke tempat apapun) ·
away (di/ke
tempat lain, ke arah lain) ·
backward(s) (ke belakang) ·
downstairs (di/ke lantai yang lebih rendah) ·
east (di/ke
timur) ·
here (disini,
kesini) ·
indoors (di dalam ruangan) ·
nearby (dekat) ·
uphill (ke
atas bukit/lereng) ·
at home (di rumah) ·
under the bed (di bawah tempat tidur) |
Contoh
Kalimat Adverb(ial) of Place
|
1 |
A
good friend of mine lives nearby. |
|
2 |
I
store nothing under my bed. |
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